Air Transport

Analysis of fatigue and durability of thin-walled Structures using the ANSYS software package

S. Tepnadze, I. Loladze — Mon, 20 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0400

It is widely known that solving the issues of durability of aircraft structures is one of the most difficult issues, despite the fact that a number of scientific articles or monographs are devoted to the study of this issue, an ideal method still does not exist. As a result, it is very difficult to accurately determine the number of flights or the calendar period on an airplane. That is why they resort to conducting physical experiments on aircraft under multiple static loads, which is very significant in financial and time terms. This article not only presents general issues of fatigue and durability, but also reports on the durability of a specific structure as a numerical experiment, evaluating all the parameters that determine its performance over a certain period of time under cyclic loads. A specific example shows the service life, damage and safety factor of the bracket.

Technical Challenges in the Automated Quantification of Emissions from Aircraft Propulsion Systems and Their Solution

R. Khachidze — Mon, 20 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0400

The paper discusses the issue of automatically accounting for harmful substances (carbon oxides - CO/CO2, unburned hydrocarbons - CnHm, and nitrogen oxides - NOx) emitted from civil aviation aircraft engines and proposes solutions using the methodology recommended by ICAO. It emphasizes the necessity of studying and assessing ecological risks caused by air pollution and environmental contamination near airports. The paper also highlights the requirements of the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA) to reduce and compensate for hydrocarbon emissions and addresses the involvement of Georgia's Civil Aviation Agency in this process.

Organizational measures to prevent collisions between migratory birds and civil aviation aircraft in Georgia

R. Khachidze, Z. Kopaleishvili — Mon, 20 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0400

It is known that every year, almost 20% of our planet's 12,000 species migrate from north to south to spend the winter in warmer countries, returning in early spring. Aircraft collisions with migratory birds are one of the most important factors that can cause damage to any part(s) of the aircraft, including damage (for example, engine damage) that could lead to a disaster. One of the largest migratory bird routes runs through Georgia, along the Black Sea coast. Thousands of birds of prey pass through Batumi and its surroundings every year, making the area one of the most important migratory routes in the world. The article discusses the potential for collisions between migratory birds and aircraft operating at international and local airports in Georgia. For example, the routes of gathering, rest and continuation of flight of migratory birds in the Batumi migration corridor and other parameters have been studied, which are compared with the officially designated operating air routes for aircraft of airlines using Batumi Airport. A recommendation has been developed that existing migratory routes of migratory birds should be taken into account both when planning flight routes and when executing them by relevant civil aviation structures and personnel.

Management methods of transport enterprises

Lela Bochoidze, Nino Darsavelidze, Makrine Babluani — Mon, 20 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0400

The essence of management lies in defining system tasks and development criteria. This is a very difficult process. Development tasks, goals, criteria, in the transport system, depend on the government's prospective strategic goals at the current moment. Development of goals and criteria in transport ministries, their governing areas, individual economic transport organizations forms the external environment. which, in turn, derives from socio-economic formation.

Civil Aviation and Safety

A. Kurtanidze, G. Svanidze — Mon, 20 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0400

In a rapidly developing world, many challenges have arisen in the aviation industry, Civil aviation has faced many obstacles, but the accelerated pace of development will bring amazing changes in the future. In order for the industry to keep up with this accelerated rhythm, it is necessary to stabilize the processes with legal frameworks. International organizations such as ICAO, EASA, IATA and others play a major role in solving this issue.

Issues of air transport management, movement, and efficient utilization of airspace

Badri Nadaraia — Mon, 20 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0400

The article presents the ways of development of contemporary aviation with the provision of possible obstacles and basic technological modules, which in their kind are the main source of transformation of global challenges, not only the above, but also regarding individual aircraft that will need high airspace capacity. Modeling of ground and airspace will provide the opportunity to use virtual reality technology, which is paramount when using aircraft as an individual transport.

Challenges in Risk Identification and Management in Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) within the Civil Aviation Industry

David Alania — Mon, 20 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0400

This research seeks to investigate the challenges of risk identification and, subsequently, risk management within the health and safety framework as related to OSH in the civil aviation industry. Aviation operations are rather fast-moving and complex; therefore, the present study has sought to identify organizations in hazard identification and deploying risk management strategies. This paper thus attempts to develop a case study that would underpin the complex interaction between human, technology, training, and regulation issues impeding effective OSH practices within the aviation industry. Finally, the findings of the study shed light on proactive and integrated strategies in managing risks that ensure workers' safety without compromising efficiency in production.

Research findings: Incomplete hazard recognition because of the dynamism present in the inherent work situations, cognitive biases in risk perception, communication disconnects across functions, and rapid technological changes are some of the main difficulties concerning identification and management in Civil Aviation. In turn, all these problems receive significant accentuation from inadequacies related to training, compliance with regulations, and incident reporting systems. The research underlines comprehensive and proactive OSH risk management across departments, improved communication tools, and permanent safety training. The analysis calls for these concerns to be addressed in order to improve the aviation industry's safety regarding health at work and compliance with updated security rules.

Aviation is the most dynamic and fast developing transport mode, strong aviation has a key role in a country’s strength and economic development. Aviation system connects with other modes of transportation, where federal responsibility for managing and re

Tomasz Rogalski, Nika Tikanashvili — Mon, 20 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0400

Aviation is the most dynamic and fast developing transport mode, strong aviation has a key role in a country’s strength and economic development. Aviation system connects with other modes of transportation, where federal responsibility for managing and regulating air traffic operations intersects with the role of state and local governments that own and operate most airports. The constant growth of the flights intensity in the world faces new challenges for international aviation organizations to increase safety requirements, for this reason implementation of the innovative technologies and the taking following measures are necessary: increasing the flight altitudes between the aircrafts, raise the airspace bandwidth; using satellite navigation; reduction of economic indicators and flight performance of routes in order to optimize flight time; improvement of landing trajectories for less negative effects on populated areas (emissions and noise). Above mentioned technological changes will have an impact at the qualification level of aviation specialists, both in the air and on the ground, and will lead to the formation of their knowledge, and responsibilities, as well as requires development of new skills. Based on statistical data, taking into account the increase in the intensity of flights, it is also important that there should be a sufficient number of qualified and competent people personnel to ensure a safe and efficient aviation system, for these reason it is important to integrate into aviation educational programs new innovative, practical based teaching methodologies in order to meet requirement of new technological environment in aviation field. In the research is analyzed aviation education modern requirements and technological development tendencies, provided gap between new technologies and aviation educational programs teaching methodologies, use of flight laboratories in Poland and Georgia analyzed as a case studies. Paper provides flight laboratories use as a recommended concept in aviation education for students projects and teaching methodology development.

Analysis on strength of the rectangular plate with a hole in case of axial loads

S. Tepnadze, S. Bliadze — Mon, 20 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0400

The vast majority of aviation structures are areas of stress concentration, it is sufficient to consider riveted or bolted connections. The concentration of stresses mainly found, not only in the area of sharp changes in stiffness, but also in the area of holes. Solving the task of concentration made even more difficult by the complex nature of the loads that come to it. In this article, an inelastic plate with a central half-section under axial loads discussed. This problem was solved for the first time within the framework of the classical theory of elasticity by Kirsch and other version of the solution was proposed by N. Muskhelishvili. The purpose of the article is the software complex MASTRAN and In the MATLAB programming language, we will create an analytical model, the solution of which will approach the analytical solution with high accuracy. As the numerical experiments showed, the calculation scheme modeled in both programs gave us a 1.3% error with respect to the exact solution.

Analysis on strength of the rectangular plate with an elliptical hole in case of axial loads

S. Tepnadze, S. Bliadze — Mon, 20 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0400

In the process of designing the aviation structure, the complete study of the stress field is one of the most important problems. Incomplete study of the stress concentration field has been the cause of many disasters. In this article, an inelastic plate with a central elliptical cross section under axial load discussed. The purpose of the article is to create an analytical model in the software complex MASTRAN, the solution of which will approach the analytical solution with high accuracy, and to determine the ratio between the semi-axes of the ellipse and the value of the stress concentration. The results of the analytical solution and the analysis of the results of numerical experiment showed us that if we approximate the surface of plate with 4-node quadrilateral elements of different sizes (it is not necessary to use 8 nodes quadrilateral elements) the error compared to the analytical solution is practically equal to 0, and also if the ratio of semi-axes of the ellipse is equal to two, then the value of stress at the vertices of parabola increases 7 times. Numerical analysis showed us that, in the case of a narrow ellipse, the value of stresses at the tip is large, and it is possible that it tends to infinity when the ellipse tends to the crack. As for the second case (tensile forces act on all four edges of the plate), in the case of a normal ellipse, the stresses were concentrated along the ox axis at the right edge of the attachment.

Determination of the rheological parameters of the material by an improved method on the example of the creep process

S. Kopaliani, S. Kopaliani — Mon, 20 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0400

In this work, we discuss an improved methodology for determining the parameters of rheological functions in materials with elastic-plastic properties, using the creep process as an example. This approach is based on the theory of inheritance, where the parameters of the rheological functions are determined by combining graphs Traditionally, these graphs are matched through visual alignment of hand-drawn circles, which is prone to significant human error. The updated methodology presented in this work involves the precise matching of graphs using various computer programs, and their matching is performed using the least squares approach method. During the research process, we utilized an existing database of theoretical graphs of rheological functions and values displayed in tabular form which, although important, contains insufficient information. To expand this database, programs were developed using "Maple," and a methodology was created for the straightforward calculation of complex mathematical problems with numerical methods, by transitioning to the complex plane. Based on experimental data from the existing composite material, the improved matching method was used to calculate correction coefficients that determine the accuracy of the graph matching, and the percentage differences were estimated.

Increasing the Flight Safety of Coastal Rescue Drones and Helicopters with Protective Devices from Bird Strikes

Zurab Kopaleishvili — Mon, 20 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0400

The presented project deals with the issues of developing effective measures to ensure the safety of drones and helicopter engines operating in the coastal zone. The implementation of the project is important because it will be possible to create a product that ensures the safety of aircraft used in search and rescue operations. This product will be innovative for the aviation field, which will bring significant financial benefits to our country. There are many vacation spots on the coast of Georgia, and the number of visitors is increasing every year. Many rescue and search operations are carried out in such regions. A number of such operations are planned and carried out using drones and helicopters. In the future, the involvement of various types of drones in rescue operations of this type will increase even more. This is evidenced by the great interest of leading foreign countries in the multi-purpose use of drones. The aim of the research is to develop effective equipment and place it on the structure of the aircraft, which will protect the engines of rescue drones and helicopters from collisions with birds and increase their safety during search and rescue operations, especially during their operation on the sea coast. To avoid the above-mentioned accidents, the only correct way is to protect the motors with special devices. Many manufacturers have begun equipping search-and-rescue helicopters and drones in maritime regions with protective equipment. However, it is worth noting that these nets are made of simple metal constructions that do not provide adequate protection, especially in such biodiversity-rich regions as Georgia. The final result of our research will be, taking into account the biodiversity of Georgia, to create such reliable protection devices for helicopter and drone engines that will ensure a high level of flight safety of search and rescue helicopters and drones operating on the coast of Georgia.

Study of the Characteristics of a Coaxial Screw System Placed Within a Guiding Tube

Sergo Tepnadze, Vazha Kelikhashvili, Bidzina Abesadze — Mon, 20 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0400

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are rapidly and significantly evolving in the modern world from a technical perspective. Therefore, it is critically important for the development of their propulsion systems to align with the overall system design, as engines are the primary structural component of any aircraft. This study examines a coaxial screw system placed within a guiding tube that features two independent shafts, differing from traditional and existing coaxial screw systems. During the research, a test rig was designed and constructed, with its schematic shown in Fig. 3. Tests were conducted on this rig, and based on the results, conclusions were drawn regarding the operational regimes in which the coaxial screw system within the tube is most effective. These conclusions and results provide insights into the critical aspects that must be considered for maximizing the positive effects of the propulsion system when applying the coaxial screw system in various aircraft.

Study of the Impact of Intermodulation Signals Generated by FM Radio Broadcasting Services (87.5-108 MHz) on the Aeronautical ILS Radio Navigation Receivers of Aircraft.

T. Kortua, Ramin Kutchukhidze — Mon, 20 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0400

Our research is based on test procedures for measuring the characteristics of aviation receivers used to identify intermodulation distortion generated by broadcast radio transmitters in the frequency range of 87-108 MHz. These distortions create electromagnetic interference that affects aeronautical services operating in the 108-118 MHz radio frequency band. The study analyzes how electromagnetic interference from various sources, including FM broadcast radio services, impacts these systems. This interference generates intermodulation products in the ILS (108–112 MHz) frequency band in the form of third-order intermodulation distortion, which may produce a false deflection signal in navigation receivers within this frequency range. Under such circumstances, the aircraft may receive incorrect guidance signals, leading the pilot to believe that the aircraft is positioned either left or right of the runway centerline. Receiving signals of this category could erroneously indicate a course deviation or result in a complete loss of signal, causing disorientation of the aircraft relative to the runway.

Research on Materials for Protective Nets and Honeycomb-Cones Shielding Drone Engines from Bird Strikes

B. Mazanishvili, N. Tabatadze , N. Bliadze, D. Gventsadze — Mon, 20 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0400

A bird strike poses a serious threat to aviation safety. Such incidents can cause damage to the aircraft, engine failure, or, in the worst-case scenario, a disaster. Therefore, studying this issue and developing prevention methods is one of the most important tasks in the field of aviation. The Scientific Center of the Georgian Aviation University has developed protective nets and honeycomb-type cone structures to shield the engines of drones and air taxis from bird strikes. Using protective nets to prevent the consequences of such collisions is a critical task. It requires the careful selection of construction materials and testing under both normal and extreme operational conditions.

Computer Technologies And Their Application In Aviation Scientific Research

Demur Vepkhvadze — Mon, 20 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0400

The article discusses and focuses on the determining role and importance of computer technologies, both in the case of scientific research in general and in the aviation field in particular, on the wide possibilities of solving scientific research tasks. A scheme of rational organization of scientific research work using the principles of a systems approach is presented. The main directions of the use of computer technologies and the tasks to be solved are given. A typical structure of an automated system of scientific research - as a system for solving these tasks - is proposed, with an analysis of the functional purpose of each block or component included in the structure.

The article pays significant attention to the issue of the use of computer technologies in aviation and the analysis of its role in aviation research. The key areas of their use in aviation are discussed, their advantages, prospects for further development and impact on innovations in the aviation industry are emphasized.